Keogh, who has signed a three-and-a-half year deal at Molineux, joined the Iron in February 2005 for £50k from the Whites, who added a 20% sell-on clause.
Dublin-born Keogh arrived at Elland Road in 2003 and spent loan spells at both Scunthorpe and Bury.
He scored 21 goals in 69 appearances whilst at Glanford Park.