The 30-year-old joined the Whites from Palace in 2005 but returned to the Eagles on loan in November last year, just after Neil Warnock took over as boss.
Derry has made just over 100 appearances for the Selhurst Park club in total.
The loan spell expired last weekend and Warnock moved to bring him in on a permanent contract.
The last of Derry's 78 appearances for Leeds was in January 2007 in the FA Cup at West Brom after which he was sidelined with a heel injury.