The Sunderland defender, who almost moved to Birmingham City in the summer, will spend a third month at Elland Road on loan.
Once that expires, after the match against Portsmouth on December 28, manager Simon Grayson will try to agree terms with counterpart Steve Bruce for a full-time switch.
McCartney, 29, has made 12 appearances for Leeds since arriving in September and is a firm favourite with supporters.
Grayson hopes to sign McCartney for the January 4 clash at Cardiff.