The Whites will visit Highbury Stadium during the week beginning August 8, following on from their first Championship fixture away at Queens Park Rangers.
Leeds and Fleetwood, who narrowly avoided relegation to League Two in May, have never met in competitive matches before.
The Lancashire side were promoted to the Football League for the first time in 2012.
United’s run in the League Cup last season ended at the first stage after they were beaten on penalties by Doncaster Rovers.